ʻEiwa mau ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka hōʻuluʻulu hemahema o nā waiwai maloʻo

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu uila. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu kekahi huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe i loko o nā waihona aila, e hōʻike ana i ka hiki o ka loko wai ke mālama i ka aila a me ke kinoea. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ponoʻī ʻaʻole ia he ʻenehana hou, akā mai kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻoihana, ua puka mai a aia i kona wā kamaliʻi.

I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i hōʻea ʻo Kina i ka pae e mālama ai ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Iapana i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana kūʻokoʻa a hoʻopuka i nā kulekele kākoʻo kūikawā. ʻOi loa i ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi ʻano uku no ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, ʻaʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike o ka ʻoihana mālama ikehu.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻaniani Lead-acid i nā palapala hoʻopaʻa ikehu pākaukau mana kiʻekiʻe, ka nui no ka lako mana pilikia, nā kaʻa pākaukau, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu keu o ka mana. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i nā pila maloʻo rechargeable i nā manawa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e like me nā nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium-ion batteries, etc. Ke hahai nei kēia ʻatikala i ka mea hoʻoponopono e hoʻomaopopo i nā pono a me nā pōʻino o nā ʻano ʻeiwa o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu.

1. ʻĀnika no ke alakaʻi-acid

pono nui:

1. Loaʻa nā mea maka, a he haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai;
2. ʻO ka hana hoʻokuʻu kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe maikaʻi;
3. ʻO ka hana wela maikaʻi, hiki ke hana i ke kaiapuni o -40 ~ +60 ℃;
4. He kūpono no ka hoʻopiʻi lana ʻana, ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi, ʻaʻohe hopena hoʻomanaʻo;
5. He mea maʻalahi ka hana hou ʻana o nā pā i hoʻohana ʻia, kūpono i ka pale ʻana i ke kaiapuni.

Nā maikaʻi ʻole:

1. Haʻahaʻa kiko'ī ikehu, maʻamau 30-40Wh/kg;
2. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ke ola o ka lawelawe e like me nā pihi Cd / Ni;
3. He mea maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana e hoʻohaumia i ke kaiapuni a pono e hoʻolako ʻia me ʻekolu mau mea hana ʻōpala.
4. Pahu Ni-MH

pono nui:

1. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pākī lead-acid, hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka nui o ka ikehu, ʻo ke kaumaha o ka ikehu he 65Wh/kg, a hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka ikehu e 200Wh/L;
2. ʻO ka mana kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻouka a hoʻokuʻu me ka nui o kēia manawa;
3. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻokuʻu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa maikaʻi;
4. Ke ola holo kaʻa (hiki i 1000 manawa);
5. Palekana kaiapuni a me ka haumia ole;
6. ʻOi aku ka oʻo o ka ʻenehana ma mua o nā pā lithium-ion.

Nā maikaʻi ʻole:

1. ʻO ka pae wela hana maʻamau -15 ~ 40 ℃, a maikaʻi ʻole ka hana wela kiʻekiʻe;
2. He haʻahaʻa ka uila hana, ʻo 1.0 ~ 1.4V ka laulā hana;
3. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu kūʻai ma mua o nā pākaukau lead-acid a me nā ʻāpana nickel-metal hydride, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ma mua o nā pā lithium-ion.
4. Lithium-ion pele

pono nui:

1. Kiʻekiʻe kiko'ī ikehu;
2. ʻO ka paepae uila kiʻekiʻe;
3. ʻO ka hana pōʻai maikaʻi;
4. ʻAʻohe hopena hoʻomanaʻo;
5. Palekana kaiapuni, ʻaʻohe haumia; ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻōhua mana kaʻa uila maikaʻi loa.
6. Nā mea hoʻopaʻa kiʻekiʻe

pono nui:

1. Ka mana kiʻekiʻe;
2. Ka manawa hoʻouka pōkole.

Nā maikaʻi ʻole:

ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka ikehu, ʻo 1-10Wh/kg wale nō, a pōkole loa ka holo ʻana o nā supercapacitors e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mana nui no nā kaʻa uila.

ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu pākaukau (ʻeiwa ʻano o ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻenekona mālama ʻana)

5. Nā hunaola wahie

pono nui:

1. Kiʻekiʻe kiko'ī ikehu a me ka lōʻihi holo kaʻa mile mile;
2. ʻO ka mana kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻouka a hoʻokuʻu me ka nui o kēia manawa;
3. Palekana kaiapuni, ʻaʻohe haumia.

Nā maikaʻi ʻole:

1. He paʻakikī ka ʻōnaehana, a ʻilihune ka ʻike ʻenehana;
2. Ke lohi nei ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana hāʻawi hydrogen;
3. Aia nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka sulfur dioxide i ka lewa. Ma muli o ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea i loko o ka hale, he pōkole ke ola o nā kaʻa wahie.
4. Pākuʻi sodium-sulfur

lanakila:

1. ʻO ka ikehu kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe (theoretical 760wh/kg; maoli 390wh/kg);
2. Ka mana kiʻekiʻe (hiki i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kēia manawa ke hiki i 200 ~ 300mA / cm2);
3. ʻO ka wikiwiki hoʻopiʻi wikiwiki (30min piha);
4. Ke ola lōʻihi (15 makahiki; a i ʻole 2500 a 4500 mau manawa);
5. ʻAʻohe haumia, hiki ke hana hou ʻia (Na, S kokoke i 100%); 6. ʻAʻohe mea hoʻokuʻu ponoʻī, kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ikehu;

lawa ʻole:

1. He kiʻekiʻe ka mahana hana, aia ka mahana hana ma waena o 300 a me 350 degere, a pono ka pākaukau i kahi nui o ka wela a me ka mālama wela i ka wā e hana ai, a ua lohi ka hoʻomaka;
2. He kiʻekiʻe ke kumu kūʻai, 10,000 yuan no ke degere;
3. Ka palekana maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻEhiku, ka pila kahe (vanadium battery)

maikaʻi:

1. Hoʻokuʻu palekana a hohonu;
2. Nui ka nui, ka nui o ka pahu waihona;
3. Loaʻa ka uku nui a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana;
4. Ke ola lōʻihi a me ka hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe;
5. ʻAʻohe hoʻokuʻu, haʻahaʻa leo;
6. ʻO ka hoʻouka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka hoʻololi, 0.02 kekona wale nō;
7. ʻAʻole pili ka koho ʻāina i nā kaohi ʻāina.

hemahema:

1. Ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o nā electrolytes maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole;
2. Hoʻohana kekahi i nā membrane hoʻololi ion-exchange pipiʻi;
3. ʻO nā haʻina ʻelua he nui ka nui a me ka ikehu kikoʻī haʻahaʻa;
4. ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ikehu.
5. ʻO ka pākaukau Lithium-air

Kupa make:

ʻO ka huahana hopena paʻa, lithium oxide (Li2O), e hōʻiliʻili ma ka electrode maikaʻi, e ālai ana i ka pilina ma waena o ka electrolyte a me ka ea, e hoʻōki ai ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana. Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema he ʻumi ka nui o ka hana ʻana o nā pā lithium-air ma mua o nā pā lithium-ion a hāʻawi i ka ikehu like me ka ʻaila. Hoʻopiʻi nā pila Lithium-air i ka oxygen mai ka lewa i mea e liʻiliʻi a māmā nā pila. Ke noiʻi nei nā hale hana he nui o ka honua i kēia ʻenehana, akā hiki i nā makahiki he ʻumi ke hoʻokō i ka ʻoihana inā ʻaʻohe holomua.

9. ʻO ka pilahi lithium-sulfur

(He ʻōnaehana mālama ikehu ka mana kiʻekiʻe) nā ʻona lithium-sulfur.

maikaʻi:

1. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka ikehu theoretical ke hiki i 2600Wh / kg;
2. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa o nā mea maka;
3. E emi iho ka ikehu;
4. Hōʻemi haʻahaʻa.

ʻOiai ua hala ka noiʻi pākaukau lithium-sulfur i nā makahiki he nui a ua nui nā mea i hoʻokō ʻia i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala iho nei, aia kahi ala lōʻihi e hele ai mai ka hoʻohana pono ʻana.